A problem in an electrical system caused by any change in voltage, current and frequency should not cause any malfunction or unwanted operation of the user's system. If this is achieved, it can be said that electrical energy is of good quality. The most important factors that affect the quality of electrical energy are the changes in voltage and current values, fluctuations in value and fluctuations. Voltage changes and fluctuations are instantaneous drops in an electrical power system. Generally, the tension will recover within a few seconds. Overvoltage occurs due to insulation errors or excessive reactive power. In an insulated or grounded system, if an insulation error occurs between the phase and the ground, the voltage supplied from the bulk phases to the ground line may increase to the voltage given to the phase to phase. Quality energy is only possible with the use of quality materials.
In general, energy distribution companies have to supply quality energy. Users also have to take the necessary precautions to avoid disturbance of the energy quality of the system. If there are non-linear loads in the electrical system, the harmonic measurements should be made immediately and the installation should be filtered. In front of the non-linear loads, input protection reactors should be added. In an ideal alternating current power system, the generation, transmission and distribution of electrical energy is carried out at certain voltage levels. In practice, however, the necessary conditions are not always fully met. For this reason, the concept of energy quality is important. The concept of energy quality includes all aspects of the amplitude, phase and frequency of the voltage and current waveform in a power circuit.
- Current-voltage harmonics,
- Sags & swells,
- transient,
- Flickr,
- Potential difference between neutral and soil,
- Current and voltage phase unbalance (for 3 phase loads),
- Frequency change,
- K factor
Factors that cause deterioration of energy quality are sudden interruptions, changes in voltage amplitude and frequency, harmonics and load imbalances. Quality electrical energy must maintain the rated values of voltage, amplitude and frequency at a certain point. Variations in the amplitude of the voltage, interruptions, voltage pulses, distortion of the waveform, frequency changes and three phase imbalances indicate the energy quality. properly.
