Phase; It is the electrical energy that has voltage on it, feeds the system to which it is connected and is called the live end. In other words, in power plants, it is the electrical energy generated by the windings that are wound at an angle of 120 degrees on the stator by the magnetic field produced by the rotation of the rotor with an angle difference of 120 degrees on each winding. In order for electrical circuits to work, they must form a closed circuit. For example, one of the two holes in the socket is (+) and the other is (-). The dead end with (-) is called neutral and provides the return path of the electric current. Grounding is the connection of all installation parts that are not under voltage to a conductive body (electrode) placed in the earth pile with suitable conductors. Thanks to the grounding, the leakage currents and static electricity on the device will flow to the ground, thus ensuring the safety of living creatures and preventing damage to the devices.
A significant portion of the electrical energy used is used in three phases. The unbalance in the phases is also caused by the fact that the voltage values in the phases are not equal to each other in three-phase systems. Such phase imbalances have very negative effects on motors, transformers and other electrical devices. The lack of a phase is the worst case in phase imbalance. It is acceptable that the phase unbalance value is less than 1 percent. The main factors affecting energy quality are voltage drop, voltage rise, voltage interruption and voltage imbalance.
Voltage imbalances in phases are a matter of loading or impedance of each phase. Because the currents drawn in the system cause different voltage drops in each phase. If the impedances of current carrying conductors are different from each other, different voltage drops are caused even if the currents are drawn evenly. When too high current is drawn from a phase, the phase voltages are also different. Phase imbalances may also be caused by the electricity grid. The transformer voltage stages may have different phase stages. In order to interfere with voltage unbalance and overload in phases, the source of this must first be determined.
Phase imbalances and overloads are most common in electric motors, transformers, generators and cables. If the 1 phase imbalance is present in the voltage in the electrical system, this occurs as a multiple of 10 in the phase currents to be drawn by the electric motors. This reduces the torque and speed of the motors and may even burn them. 10 overheating of the electric motor's normal temperature means that the insulation life is halved. As long as the phase imbalance remains below 1 percent, the motors can run, but their efficiency is reduced. Because the motor starts to heat up. If there is phase unbalance and overload in the electrical system, balanced distribution of the loads must be reviewed. These measuring services are provided by authorized control and inspection organizations. Our company conducts the unbalanced and overload measurements in phases in accordance with the relevant legal regulations, standards and test methods published by domestic and foreign organizations within the framework of electrical safety inspections.
