The resistance of the conductor wire is very less than the resistance of the bulb. Therefore, the current passes through the conductive wire instead of the bulb and the bulb goes out. This type of connection is called a short circuit. Contact between cables of electrical appliances in homes and workplaces causes a short circuit. This event can have dangerous consequences such as fire and electric shock. Therefore, when using electrical tools, care should be taken that the cables are not scratched. As the short circuit reduces the total resistance in the circuit, the current through the main branch increases. This causes the insurance to blow. Electric circuits usually want to choose the ground path to return to the physical neutral state. In electrical circuits, situations where the lines touch each other in some way or the system touches the ground are called short circuits. In case of a short circuit, the resistance decreases very much. In this case, the voltage value starts to decrease to the minimum and the current value starts to increase. In parallel with the increase in the amount of load on the electrical circuit, the short circuit current also increases. For this reason, short circuit is a very important problem in systems with higher power such as electricity distribution and transmission systems.
In short, in an electrical installation, the short circuit occurs when the cables of the electrical devices touch each other. The worst result of this event is the danger of electric shock and fire. In case of a short circuit, the total resistance in the circuit shows a drop. As a result, the amount of current passing through the main circuit increases. This causes the insurance to blow. When the amount of current passing through the electrical circuit increases too much, it causes overheating. The use of fuses in electrical circuits is intended to protect against such hazards. When a high amount of electrical current passes through the circuit, the fuse becomes hot and the fuse blows, causing the circuit to break. Otherwise, as the load in the electric circuit increases, the low resistance line starts to burn as a result of heating. This is an alarm of fire hazard.
Switch systems such as fuses, voltage breakers or automatic switches are used to protect against short circuit currents. Which of these equipments will be used depends on the power of the system. For example, automatic fuses are generally used to protect against short circuits in residential buildings. However, voltage cutter and disconnecting equipment is preferred in high power systems.
Within the framework of electrical safety inspections, our company carries out short circuit protection measurements in accordance with the relevant legal regulations, standards and test methods published by domestic and foreign organizations. A few standards considered in these studies are:
- TS EN 60865-1 Short-circuit currents - Calculation of effects - Part 1: Definitions and calculation methods
- TSE IEC / EN 60865-2 Short-circuit currents - Calculation of effects - Part 2: Calculation examples
- TS EN 60909-0 Short-circuit currents in three-phase AA systems - Part 0: Calculating currents
- TS EN 60909-3 Short-circuit currents in three-phase AA systems - Part 3: Currents during two separate line earth short circuits and partial circuit currents flowing to earth
