Principles of Risk Assessment Study
When conducting risk assessment studies in the Occupational Health and Safety Risk Assessment Regulation, information required to be collected by the enterprise regarding the work environment, employees and the enterprise is identified in order to identify the existing and potential hazards. In addition to the information collected, chemical, physical, biological, ergonomic, psychosocial and similar hazards in the workplace of the enterprises should be determined by taking into consideration the regulations of occupational health and safety. In the meantime, the following should be considered, what will be affected by and in what way:
- Hazards that may arise from where the entity operates
- Hazards that may arise from improper construction or additions of the premises and add-ons of the entity
- Hazards that may arise due to the construction style of the building and its attachments and the building materials used
- Hazards that may arise due to working methods, shift order, teamwork, organizational structure, control system, hierarchical order and visitors during the activities carried out in the enterprise including maintenance and repair works.
- Hazards that may arise due to the continuation of activities, production methods, materials used, machinery and equipment, tools and equipment used, and not being in compliance with the physical characteristics of employees
- Hazards due to electrical requirements such as lighting, strong current, lightning rod and grounding, heating, ventilation, protection and increase from atmospheric and environmental conditions, drainage, fire prevention and fighting tools and auxiliary installations and equipment.
- Hazards arising from the processing, transportation, use, storage or disposal of substances with a high probability of combustion, flare or explosion
- Hazards that may arise from the hygiene conditions of the business environment and personal hygiene habits of the employees
- Hazards that may arise during the use of employees' access roads within the enterprise
- Hazards that may arise from not being adequately trained and informed about occupational health and safety, not giving appropriate instructions to the employees or working without this permission in cases where work permit is required.
If no measurement, control, inspection and research studies have been carried out in the enterprise in terms of chemical, physical, biological, psychosocial, ergonomic and similar hazards of the work environment before, these hazards, their qualifications and quantities and their exposure levels, and all necessary measurements, controls, inspections and investigations are required.
All identified hazards should be considered by the entity one by one, and the frequency of risks caused by these hazards, and who, who, in what way and to what extent, can be identified. The effect of the control measures in place must also be taken into account.
At this point, risks need to be analyzed. The following factors are considered in the analysis of risks:
- Characteristics of business activity
- Characteristics of hazards and risks in the enterprise
- Business constraints
- Domestic and foreign standards
If an entity has different business areas, the collection and analysis of risk information should be carried out separately for each business area. In this case, the analysis results should be evaluated together considering the whole enterprise.
The results of the analysis are listed starting from the highest risk level by looking at the magnitude and severity of the effects in order to determine the control measures to be taken.
Transportable What, Transportable What are the Inspection Principles?
A pallet truck is a loading and unloading vehicle which is used to lift, transport and place a single piece of packaged or enclosed loads on a hard and flat ground at short distances. This hand-driven tool is used by pulling or pushing. The lifting of the load on the pallet truck is carried out by a manually controlled hydraulic system. In this way, the enterprises carry out their freight transportation by using pallet trucks and save time and effort. These vehicles can easily carry loads up to 3 tons without much effort.
Generally, the pallet trucks have a three-position control bar: lifting position, transport position and lowering position. Businesses should comply with the following safety principles when using pallet trucks:
- The employees who will use the pallet truck must know the safety rules.
- If the welds of the pallet trucks are damaged, the surface of the wheels is damaged, there is a leak in the hydraulic system and the forks are deformed, they should not be used in any way.
- The inclination of the ground during transportation shall not be more than 1 percent.
- Persons using the pallet truck must stand on the side of the carrying arm when transporting the load.
- It is strictly forbidden to transport people with pallet trucks.
- Pallet trucks must be left in the lowest position when not in use.
- Loads must be placed evenly on the forks; they must never be lifted with a single fork or with the fork tip.
According to the Regulation on Health and Safety in the Use of Work Equipment introduced by the Ministry of Labor and Social Security in 2013, pallet trucks were accepted as dangerous vehicles in terms of employee health and property safety of enterprises. In the Annex to the Regulation on Maintenance, Repair and Periodic Inspections (Annex 3), pallet trucks are included in the group of lifting and transporting vehicles, and unless otherwise required by other legal regulations, the pallet trucks must be inspected at least once a year.
In the said regulation, the standards to be taken into consideration in the pallet inspection procedures are listed as follows:
- TS 10689 Stability stackers and pallet stackers
- TS EN 1757-2 Safety in industrial vehicles - Pedestrian controlled vehicles - Part 2: Pallet transporters
- TS 10201 ISO 3184 Stackers - Transportation and pedestal type - Stability tests
- TS ISO 6055 High-lift pallet stackers - Overhead protectors - Feature and experiment
