Non-destructive testing is a form of inspection that allows the inspection of the material or part to be examined without damaging the properties required for its intended use, without damaging, damaging its integrity and, if necessary, inspection of the whole. In this way, the validity of an inspection is based on the causes of the destructive tests and examinations that have been done before. With the non-destructive inspection studies, the origin of the defects in the material or part is easily determined and the possibility of correcting the defects at the beginning of production is provided. The reliability of the material produced in this way increases.
There are several different non-destructive testing methods. A good knowledge of these methods will allow a more reliable examination of the internal structure of the material. When non-destructive testing is carried out, there is no trace or damage to the material. As such, non-destructive testing methods are applied only to finished materials or parts. As a result of the test and inspection, it is determined whether the material or part is defective or not.
Non-destructive testing methods are used for other purposes as well as investigating invisible defects in parts or visible defects on the surface. Non-destructive testing methods are used, for example, to measure the amount of other materials contained in a closed material, or to measure the thickness of the paint on metal surfaces, or to determine the condition of assembled parts, or to perform a series of investigations in radar systems.
Non-destructive testing (NDT in short) is a type of inspection without damaging the integrity of the material or part to be examined. The validity of this examination is based on the results of the destructive examinations.
Why Nondestructive Testing Methods are needed?
The materials may cause structural defects according to the manufacturing methods (for metals; forging, rolling, drawing, etc.) or welded joining, cutting, and processing. These may be fatigue and corrosion cracks or cracks that have occurred during heat treatment or fabrication, which are very difficult to visualize. Cracks reduce the strength of the material, but over time the crack surface can lead to fractures. In bridges, buildings, automotive industry, welded or non-welded steel and metal materials, such cracks cause sudden breaks. This reduces material quality and leads to negative customer reactions.
What are Nondestructive Testing Methods?
The first non-destructive testing method begins with visual inspection. Cracks in the material produced by the eyes, surfaces or deeply are seen and defects are corrected. Non-destructive testing methods where visual inspection is insufficient:
| Method | Traits | Application area |
| Liquid Penetrant | Used to detect surface defects | All metals, some plastics, glass and glazed glass |
| Magnetic Particle | Surface defects | Ferromagnetic materials only (with magnetic properties) |
| Eddy Currents | Surface and surface defects | All metals |
| Ultrasonic Test | Internal errors | Most materials |
| radiographic | Internal defects, surface defects | Some materials of certain thickness |
It is used.
