Asphalt is a by-product of separation in oil refineries. As a waste, it was tried to find a field of use for this material, which was not cared much, and it was started to be used in road constructions and in many other places.
Asphalt has water impermeability and is therefore used in high demand. Insulation and roof caulking is also a key component. But the best known area of use is paving. Asphalt structure, adhesive is a byproduct of crude oil. Crushed and crushed stones that are mixed with stone chips and other minerals are prepared under the name of asphalt. Production starts at the quarry, granite pieces are removed and collected with the help of heavy machinery and explosives under 15 meters of the ground. Asphalt construction site should be installed right next to the quarry.And if you pay attention to each quarry asphalt construction site is installed.
Asphalt has a dark brown color and binding material which is found in nature or obtained by the processing of oil and whose main component is completely close to black tones. Bituminous asphalt material, which is generally applied on a base layer, is in 8 and 18 centimeter thicknesses depending on the traffic that occurs on it.
There are different types of asphalt types depending on where they are used. For example, mastic asphalt is flexible coatings that are commonly used on bridges or on concrete or steel surfaces. Mastic asphalt mixtures are used for insulation purposes on some concrete surfaces. Stonmastic asphalt is generally asphalt pavements with high bitumen rate in order to prevent damage to roads where heavy vehicles are used and to prolong the life of roads. Colored asphalt is often used for decoration and security purposes, such as pedestrian crossings, bicycle paths, hiking trails and sports fields. Modified asphalt is used to prevent deformations such as wheel marks, cracks and fatigue cracks on the asphalt. Silent asphalt is used to minimize the noise generated by the friction between the road and the wheel on highways.
Hot asphalt mixture is a mixture of fine or coarse aggregate, asphalt and mineral fibers in appropriate proportions and at appropriate temperature and humidity values that provides high quality permanence and durability. Roads that provide intercity or urban transportation have different effects according to climate characteristics. This situation sometimes negatively affects the life of the applied asphalt. For this reason, in recent years, cold mixes that are more economical and can be applied faster than hot mixes have been obtained in asphalt production facilities.
Asphalt mixture is used as a coating material in the superstructure of the roads. For this reason, it is sought for the asphalt mixture to be used in production facilities to meet certain conditions. For example, there is an obligation to create a comfortable, smooth, slip-resistant and reliable road surface for vehicles. In addition, it should not lose these properties against the mechanical effects caused by heavy traffic. Likewise, it must be resistant to weather conditions such as sun rays, water and frost. In order for the asphalt coating to meet these conditions, the properties of aggregate and asphalt cement in its composition are very important.
Asphalt, like all materials used in highways, is tested by authorized test and inspection organizations in accordance with the relevant legal regulations and standards published by domestic and foreign organizations. Here are a few standards that are based on these tests:
- TS EN 13108-1 Bituminous mixtures - Material properties - Part 1: Concrete asphalt
- TS EN 13108-2 ... Section 2: Concrete asphalt for very thin layers
- TS EN 13108-3 ... Section 3: Soft asphalt
- TS EN 13108-4 ... Section 4: Hot mix asphalt
- TS EN 13108-5 ... Section 5: Stone mastic asphalt
- TS EN 13108-6 ... Section 6: Mastic asphalt
- TS EN 13108-7 ... Section 7: Porous asphalt
- TS EN 13108-8 ... Section 8: Recycled asphalt
- TS EN 13108-9 ... Section 9: Ultra thin layer asphalt
